Ecofeminism - Maria Mies And Vandana Shiva

 Ecofeminism - It is the feminist, peace and the ecology movement in the late 1970s and 80s. The term was first used by Francoise D'Eau bonne. Ecofeminism is about connectedness and wholeness of theory and practice. 

-The meltdown at Three Mile Island promoted a large numbers of women in USA to come together in the first eco-feminists conference. The eco-feminists see the devastation of earth and her beings by the corporate warriors and the threat of nuclear annihilation by the military warriors as feminist concerns. 

-The aggression against the environment was perceived almost physically as an aggression against female body. On the night of 2-3 December 1984, Bhopal Gas Tragedy, around 3000 people died, women have been those most severaly affected but also the most persistent in their demand for justice. The Bhopal Gas Peedit Mahila Udyog Sangathan has still continued to remind the Government of India, Union Carbide and the world that they are still suffering. The women see a clear connection between nuclear escalation and the culture of the musclemen: between the violence of war and the violence of rape. A Russian woman after the Chernobyl catastrophe in 1986 said that: 'Men never think of life. They only want to conquer nature and the enemy.' Chernobyl disaster in particular provoked a expression of women outrage and resistance against the war technology and the general industrial warrior system. 

- The new developments in Bio-technology have made women acutely conscious of the gender bias of science and technology and the science's whole paradigm is characteristically patriarchal, anti nature and colonial and aims to disposess women of their generative capacity as it does the productive capacities of nature. The eco-feminists understand that the liberation of women cannot be achieved in isolation but only as part of a larger struggle for the preservation of life on this planet. 

- The women in various movements- ecology, peace, feminist and especially health rediscovered the interconnectedness and interdependence of everything they also discovered what was called the spiritual dimension of life. The ecological relevance of this emphasis on spirituality lies in the rediscovery of the sacredness of life, according to which life on earth can be preserved only if people again begin to perceive all the life forms as sacred and respect them as such. 



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