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Intizaar Hussain, Basti,

 Intizaar Hussain, Basti: 

Things Fall Apart

The plot is circutus temporal narrative not linear like western realistic novels. The idioms are used which indicate a very indigenous taste to words. He is constantly struggling with himself don't want to be like his father. It is also a story about father son relationships. There is furiousness in nature of Okonkwo. He talked about how the town settled which is more like a folklore. The novel began with building the character of Okonkwo. Okonkwo tries very hard to not be like his father, Unoka . ✓ It is not only about clash of two generations perspectives but also two models of masculinity.  Achebe "the form of the novel is ought to have shown some western cultures" ( novels is not central to non western cultures so fellow writers of Achebe felt that he was jus trying his hard to fit his opinions in a western model)  1Part (1-13 Chapter ) Description of Okonkwo, his family and surroundings 2 Part-  His years exile 3 Part - Return to village 

The Sixth River

Fikr Taunsvi - Ram Lal Bhatiya The Sixth River Fikr - thinking ( engaged in action of thinking)  Taunsvi - Taunsvi sarif Town in Pakistan Diary form Actual subjective account of a individual as he saw. The whole idea of making and unmaking of a city is offered in the text. Satirical and ironical tone. Attack on politics of the time.  Title of the diary invokes Punjab as the land of 5 rivers.  The very idea of existence is changed with partition, turning the river into metaphor for blood and violence.  Land of abundance - resources like water, soil fertility etc but what prevails here is destruction and violence now.  The Felt Community- Book by Rajat Kanta Ray : book provides a historical context to the international debate on the nature of nationalism by examining the ideas, feelings and identities that existed in the Indian subcontinent before the emergence of modern nationalism Colonialism - Manner of idea of conquer and conquest based on the idea of superio...

The trial of Dedan Kimathi - Ngugi wa thing'o (1976)

 The trial of Dedan Kimathi - Ngugi wa thing'o (1976)-  Written By Ngugi wa Thiong'o and Micere Githae Mugo hey excavate a misrepresented things of kenyan history. Reconstructing it imaginatively. They are showing Dedan Kimathi as hero as there were many misinterpreted things about him by Britishers. Kimathi was the leader of armed guerrilla force which was made up of peasants and workers they called themselves the Kenya land and freedom army they were mainly born from Gekuyu tribe. Their aim was to reclaim the stolen land of Kenya. This freedom struggle was named Mau- Mau by Britishers. By naming this they were actually trying to discourage it that it is were much disoriented and deemed.  It was in order to root out mau- mau that they have imposed the state of emergency from 1952-1960. In fact GuNgi has novels which are placed in this period. Wipe not child is a very moving novel of his at this time. This is the period the play is taking up. In their preface to the play ...

Wandering through different spaces

 Wandering through different spaces- Memoir 2  She questioned her privileges Cultural and social space  She has different kind of experience urban/rural, hindu/Muslim Discussion about different institutions. Much of what she saying is about her childhood. As childhood she has freedom to move in the otherwise prohibited spaces. She is negotiating spaces based on her own social , economic locations and as a child, when she turned adult she was prohibited to fall for a Muslim man there was never a certainty in her life. His mother was not educated despite of her father being a well known educated man. What she begins is that she has a very protected secluded life which feels like she being in a prison, she has no experience of reality. She herself said that she vaguely remember the things around partition. She is very much aware that there is much more happening around her but she wasn't affected by those coz of her privileges.  It is unbiased kind of narrative portrayi...

Aristotle

 Aristotle  ✓Aristotle was one of the greatest philosophers in the history of mankind ✓Born in the 4th century at Stagira in Macedonia ✓ At the age of eighteen, he enrolled himself in Plato’s Academy in Athens.There, he exhibited outstanding intellect and wit ✓Aristotle’s ideas and concepts had such profundity that even intellectual revolutions like the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Enlightenment were not able to abate their influence on Western thinking.  ✓His other works like, The History of Animals, On the Parts of Animals, and On the Generation of Animals, have garnered much praise from scientists of all ages.  ✓In his lifetime, Aristotle wrote around four hundred books, the topics of which span over various aspects of human knowledge. ✓Some of his notable works were: Categories, De Interpretation, Prior Analytics, Posterior Analytics, Sophistical Refutations, Physics, Metaphysics, De Anima, History of Animals, Generation of Animals, Meteorology, Progression ...

Settler Colonialism

 As a term settler colonialism: term first used in 1920s to indicate a particular type of British colonialism in an Australian context. But gradually it was also used for Canada and New Zealand. Settlers was a word widely used for colonist who has displaced with a intention to remain in particular colony or locality. Settler colonialism in Kenya was somewhat aberrant.Here we encounter several of the defining characteristics of settler colony but are also a number of significant differences. One of them being a intensely conflictive sense of relationship with settlers . Political Kenya was a paradox; it was once a settler colony as well as a imperial charge. Unlike anglophone settler in Canada, New Zealand who pulled clear of the British Metropoles, gaining increasing autonomy and eventual independence. Settlers Iin Kenya failed in their endeavours to create a new white dominion for Africa.